Active and Passive Voice

Passive and Active Voice এর সাধারন গঠন নিচে বর্ণনা করা হল:
Tense	Active Voice	Passive Voice
1. Present Indefinite	S + V + O I eat rice.	S+am/is/are+VPP+by+O Rice is eaten by me.
2. Present Continuous	S+am/is/are+v-ing+O I am eating rice.	S+am/is/are being+VPP Rice is being eaten by me.
3. Present Perfect	S+have/has+VPP+O I have eaten rice.	S+have/has+been+VPP Rice has been eaten by me.
4. Past Indefinite	S+V-Past+O I ate rice.	S+was/were+VPP Rice was eaten by me.
5. Past Continuous	S+was/were+V-ing+O I was eating rice.	S+was/were+beign+VPP Rice was being eaten by me.
6. Past Perfect	S+had+VPP+O I had eaten rice.	S+had+been+VPP Rice had been eaten by me.
7. Future Indefinite	S+shall/will+V+O I shall eat rice.	S+shall/will+be+VPP Rice will be eaten by me.
8. Future Continuous	S+shall/will+be+V-ing+O I shall be eating rice.	S+shall/will+be+being+VPP Rice will be being eaten by me.
9. Future Perfect	S+shall/will+have+VPP+O I shall have eaten rice.	S+shall/will+have+been+VPP Rice will have been eaten by me.

**1. Passive Mode: Modal Auxiliaries তথা can, could, my, might, will, would, shall, should, ought to ইত্যাদি passive করার সময় পরিবর্তিত হয় না।

Modal + be + VPP (Verb এর Past Participial)

Active I can do it.
Passive: It can be done by me.

***2. ‘be going to’ একটি Modal তাই Passive করার সময় going এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না। স্বভাবিক নিয়মে এর সাথে be এবং to এর সাথের Verb টির Past Participle এর Passive করা হয়।

Active: I am going to open a shop.
Passive: A shop is going to be opened by me.

***3. Imperative Sentence এর Passive Structure হলো:

Let + Object + be + VPP

Active: Open the window.
Passive: Let the window be opened.

***4. Do not যুক্ত Imperative Sentence এর হলো:

Let not + Object + be + VPP

Active: Do not shut the door.
Passive: Let not the door be shut.

***5. Let + ব্যক্তিবাচক Object দ্বারা বাক্য শুরু হলে তার Passive Structure হলো:

Let + Object বস্তুবাচক + be + VPP + by + ব্যক্তিবাচক Object.

Active: Let me do the sum.
Passive: Let the sum be done by me.

**6. Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence এর Passive হলো:

Let not + Object + ever + be + VPP

Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let not a lie ever be told.

***7. Who যুক্ত প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের Passive করার নিয়ম হল:

By whom + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + VPP

Active: Who has broken the glass?
Passive: By whom has the glass been broken?

**8. Whom দিয়ে প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য শুরু হলে তার Passive করার নিয়ম হল:

Who + Auxiliary Verb + VPP + by + Object?

Active: Whom do you want?
Passive: Who is wanted by you?

** WH-Question এর ক্ষেত্রেও উপরিউক্ত নিয়ম প্রযোজ্য।

Active: Where did you see him?
Passive: Where was he seen by you?